2012年12月26日 星期三

OSPF vs RIPv2 Redistribution心得


我們的目的是希望所有Router都收到除了其他Router Fa interface上的Routing，但Router0和Router1所有的網段是在同一個major net(172.16.0.0/16)，所以每個Router收到的routing必須是
subnet過後的。


Router0:

configuration:
interface FastEthernet0/0
 ip address 172.16.1.254 255.255.255.0
 duplex auto
 speed auto
!
interface FastEthernet0/1
 ip address 172.16.2.254 255.255.255.0
 duplex auto
 speed auto
!
interface Serial0/1/0
 ip address 10.1.1.1 255.255.255.252
 clock rate 19200
!
interface Serial0/1/1
 no ip address
 clock rate 2000000
 shutdown
!
interface Vlan1
 no ip address
 shutdown
!
router rip
 version 2
 network 10.0.0.0
 network 172.16.0.0
 no auto-summary
!
ip classless


RIP需要設定v2，否則其他Router收到的會是summary過後的routing(Classful only)

=======================================================================

Router1:

 configuration:
interface FastEthernet0/0
 ip address 192.168.1.254 255.255.255.0
 duplex auto
 speed auto
!
interface FastEthernet0/1
 ip address 192.168.2.254 255.255.255.0
 duplex auto
 speed auto
!
interface Ethernet0/0/0
 no ip address
 duplex auto
 speed auto
 shutdown
!
interface Serial0/1/0
 ip address 10.1.1.2 255.255.255.252
!
interface Serial0/1/1
 ip address 10.2.2.1 255.255.255.252
!
interface Vlan1
 no ip address
 shutdown
!
router ospf 1
 log-adjacency-changes
 redistribute rip subnets
 network 10.2.2.0 0.0.0.3 area 0
 network 192.168.2.0 0.0.0.255 area 0
!
router rip
 version 2
 redistribute ospf 1 metric 2
 network 10.0.0.0
 network 192.168.1.0
 no auto-summary
!
ip classless
!

 1.Router0無法收到Router2的subnet routing，必須在RIP的redistribution設定中設定metric值，
   這個值範圍可為0~16，但必須設定1~15(我設定2)，否則無法學習完整的路由(設定15，無 
   法學到192.168.2.0/24)。

 2.RIPv2需要設定no auto-summary，否則Router0收到的不是172.16.3.0/24、172.16.4.0/24，而
  是summary過後的172.16.0.0/16。

   no auto-summary指的是設定的那一台Router送出去的的是沒有summary過後的Routing。

   所以如果Router1不下這個指令，  Router0收到的不是172.16.3.0/24、172.16.4.0/24，而
  是summary過後的172.16.0.0/16。

   同樣的，如果Router0不下這個指令，  Router1收到的不是172.16.1.0/24、172.16.2.0/24，而
  是summary過後的172.16.0.0/16。

 3.RIPv2 redistribute到OSPF需要設定subnet，否則Router2收到的不是172.16.1.0/24、 
   172.16.2.0/24，而  是summary過後的172.16.0.0/16。

=======================================================================
Router2:

configuration:


interface FastEthernet0/0
 ip address 172.16.3.254 255.255.255.0
 duplex auto
 speed auto
!
interface FastEthernet0/1
 ip address 172.16.4.254 255.255.255.0
 duplex auto
 speed auto
!
interface Serial0/1/0
 no ip address
 clock rate 2000000
!
interface Serial0/1/1
 ip address 10.2.2.2 255.255.255.252
 clock rate 19200
!
interface Vlan1
 no ip address
 shutdown
!
router ospf 1
 log-adjacency-changes
 network 10.2.2.0 0.0.0.3 area 0
 network 172.16.3.0 0.0.0.255 area 0
 network 172.16.4.0 0.0.0.255 area 0
!
ip classless

=======================================================================
Router0:

show ip route :

     10.0.0.0/30 is subnetted, 2 subnets
C       10.1.1.0 is directly connected, Serial0/1/0
R       10.2.2.0 [120/1] via 10.1.1.2, 00:00:06, Serial0/1/0
     172.16.0.0/24 is subnetted, 4 subnets
C       172.16.1.0 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/0
C       172.16.2.0 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/1
R       172.16.3.0 [120/2] via 10.1.1.2, 00:00:06, Serial0/1/0
R       172.16.4.0 [120/2] via 10.1.1.2, 00:00:06, Serial0/1/0
R    192.168.1.0/24 [120/1] via 10.1.1.2, 00:00:06, Serial0/1/0
R    192.168.2.0/24 [120/2] via 10.1.1.2, 00:00:06, Serial0/1/0




=======================================================================

Router1:

show ip route :

Router#sh ip route
Codes: C - connected, S - static, I - IGRP, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP
       D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area
       N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2
       E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2, E - EGP
       i - IS-IS, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2, ia - IS-IS inter area
       * - candidate default, U - per-user static route, o - ODR
       P - periodic downloaded static route

Gateway of last resort is not set

     10.0.0.0/30 is subnetted, 2 subnets
C       10.1.1.0 is directly connected, Serial0/1/0
C       10.2.2.0 is directly connected, Serial0/1/1
     172.16.0.0/24 is subnetted, 4 subnets
R       172.16.1.0 [120/1] via 10.1.1.1, 00:00:13, Serial0/1/0
R       172.16.2.0 [120/1] via 10.1.1.1, 00:00:13, Serial0/1/0
O       172.16.3.0 [110/65] via 10.2.2.2, 00:16:44, Serial0/1/1
O       172.16.4.0 [110/65] via 10.2.2.2, 00:16:44, Serial0/1/1
C    192.168.1.0/24 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/0
C    192.168.2.0/24 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/1

=======================================================================

Router2:

show ip route :


Router#sh ip route
Codes: C - connected, S - static, I - IGRP, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP
       D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area
       N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2
       E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2, E - EGP
       i - IS-IS, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2, ia - IS-IS inter area
       * - candidate default, U - per-user static route, o - ODR
       P - periodic downloaded static route

Gateway of last resort is not set

     10.0.0.0/30 is subnetted, 2 subnets
O E2    10.1.1.0 [110/20] via 10.2.2.1, 00:22:10, Serial0/1/1
C       10.2.2.0 is directly connected, Serial0/1/1
     172.16.0.0/24 is subnetted, 4 subnets
O E2    172.16.1.0 [110/20] via 10.2.2.1, 00:22:10, Serial0/1/1
O E2    172.16.2.0 [110/20] via 10.2.2.1, 00:22:10, Serial0/1/1
C       172.16.3.0 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/0
C       172.16.4.0 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/1
O E2 192.168.1.0/24 [110/20] via 10.2.2.1, 00:22:10, Serial0/1/1
O    192.168.2.0/24 [110/65] via 10.2.2.1, 00:22:10, Serial0/1/1

從任何其他Routing protocol redistribute到OSPF的default metric為20
而各Routing protocol的redistribution default metric如下:
SourceInto
RIPEIGRPOSPFISISBGP (MED)
Connected1Int metric20 (E2)00
Static1Int metric20 (E2)00
RIPInfinite20 (E2)0IGP metric
EIGRPInfinite20 (E2)0IGP metric
OSPFInfiniteInfinite0IGP metric
ISISInfiniteInfinite20 (E2)IGP metric
BGPInfiniteInfinite1 (E2)0

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